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排序方式: 共有313条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Júlio C. Fonseca João C. Marques Vítor M. C. Madeira 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2002,75(1):1-11
This work reports studies of the degradation rates of a fattyalcohol polyglycol ether non-ionic surfactant, Genapol OXD-080, putatively useful for the control of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii Girard) in rice fields under laboratory and field conditions. The influence of temperature,sediment site specificity and sorption were taken into account.The degradation kinetics of the surfactant depends on the experimental conditions: type of inocula and temperature. Thedistribution of this chemical in aquatic systems was also examined. Genapol OXD-080 was removed into the sedimentsreadily after application, and sorption was considered the majorpath of removal from the water phase. Data suggest that furtherstudies are required regarding the effects of Genapol OXD-080 in aquatic organisms resident in rice fields, in parallelwith the development of technologies related with the use ofsurfactants to control P. clarkii populations. 相似文献
2.
Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides in soils from the East Antarctic coast 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Negoita TG Covaci A Gheorghe A Schepens P 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2003,5(2):281-286
Concentrations of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), alpha-, beta- and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers, 6 o,p'-and p,p'-isomers of DDT and 28 PCB congeners have been measured in eleven soil samples and one lichen collected on the Eastern coast of Antarctica from 5 Russian stations. For samples with low concentrations of PCBs (range 0.20-0.41 ng g(-1) dry weight) and pesticides (0.86-4.69 ng g(-1) and 0.11-1.22 ng g(-1) dry weight for HCHs and DDTs, respectively), atmospheric long-range transport from Africa, South America or Australia was suggested as the sole source of contamination. The profile of PCB congeners was dominated by the more volatile tri-, tetra- and penta-PCBs congeners, thus supporting long-range transport hypothesis. Four samples contained moderate levels of PCBs (range 1.98-6.94 ng g(-1) dry weight) and variable concentrations of pesticides (gamma-HCH, p,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDT being the main contaminants). For samples with high concentrations of PCBs (range 90.26-157.45 ng g(-1)) and high concentrations of pesticides, the presence of high molecular weight PCB congeners such as: 153, 180, 187, 170 etc, strongly suggest a local source (biotic) of PCBs rather than atmospheric transport. It is likely that on a local scale, biotic focussing of pollutants, due to bird activities (nesting and excrement) can cause high contamination levels and become more significant than contaminant input via abiotic pathways. 相似文献
3.
Bárbara Medeiros Fonseca Luciana de Mendonça-Galvão Claudia Padovesi-Fonseca Lucijane Monteiro de Abreu Adriana Cristina Marinho Fernandes 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(1):19-33
The aquatic systems responsible for water supply in the Brazilian Federal District (FD) have been threatened by anthropogenic pressures, especially considering the expressive demographic increase in the region during the last decades. The purposes of this research were: (a) to assess the water quality in streams located in the FD by monitoring physical–chemical variables; (b) to define baselines for these variables among different ecological status categories. The 14 investigated streams were sampled between 2006 and 2009, in the dry (August–September, 2006, 2008, 2009) and rainy (March–April, 2008, 2009) seasons. All sampling sites were classified in four categories (“very impacted”, “impacted”, “in transition” and “natural”) using an adaptation of a rapid habitat assessment protocol. Differences in water quality among sites were generally well predicted in the four ecological status categories defined by the protocol, which showed a gradient in nutrient concentrations from reference sites classified as “natural” (medians: electrical conductivity?=?7.3 μS cm?1; nitrate?=?0.040 mg L?1; ammonium?=?0.039 mg L?1; soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP)?=?<0.001 mg L?1; total phosphorus (TP)?=?0.006 mg L?1; ) to those classified as “very impacted” (medians: electrical conductivity?=?87.7 μS cm?1; nitrate?=?0.247 mg L?1; ammonium?=?0.219 mg L?1; SRP?=?0.010 mg L?1; TP?=?0.035 mg L?1). Point sources inputs were the main factor for water quality deterioration. The nutrient baselines reported were relatively low when compared to data collected from reference areas in Brazil (e.g., São Paulo State) or temperate regions, especially for TP. 相似文献
4.
Timothy J. Pac James Baldock Brendan Brodie Jennifer Byrd Beatriz Gil Kevin A. Morris Denice Nelson Jaydeep Parikh Paulo Santos Miguel Singer Alan Thomas 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》2019,29(2):75-91
This paper compiles a detailed set of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) lessons learned pertaining to design, execution, and safety based on global experiences over the last 20 years. While the benefits of a “correct” application are known (e.g., cost effectiveness, speed, permanence of treatment), history also provides examples of a variety of “incorrect” applications. These provide an opportunity to highlight recurring themes that resulted in failures. ISCO is, and will continue to provide, an important remedial tool for site remediation, particularly as a component of a multifaceted approach for addressing large and complex sites. Future success, however, requires an objective understanding of both the benefits and the limitations of the technology. The ability to learn from the mistakes of the past provides an opportunity to eliminate, or at least minimize, them in the future. Over the last 25 years of ISCO application, process understanding and knowledge have improved and evolved. This paper combines a thorough discussion of lessons learned through decades of ISCO implementation throughout all aspects of ISCO projects with an analysis of changes to the ISCO remediation market. By discussing the interplay of these two themes and providing recommendations from collective lessons learned, we hope to improve the future of safe, cost‐effective, and successful applications of ISCO. 相似文献
5.
Bianco Graciela Eugenia Suarez Eva Cazon Lauro de la Puente Teresita Beatriz Ahrendts Marcelo Rafael Benitez De Luca Julio César 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(26):21146-21152
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Little is known about biosecurity measures and toxic effects during pesticide application in the province of Jujuy, Argentina, particularly concerning... 相似文献
6.
Fernanda Menezes França Teresa C. Brazil De Paiva Adriana S. Marcantônio Patrícia C. Teixeira Cláudia Maris Ferreira 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):406-410
The objective of this study was to determine the acute toxicity of some pesticides used in irrigated rice farming to Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles. The LC50-96h for commercial formulations containing bentazon, penoxsulam, vegetable oil, permethrin and carbofuran, separately and their mixtures, were determined at the proportions commonly used in the field. The limits of risk concentrations of these products for the studied species were also established. The LC50-96h for tadpoles was 4,530 mg L?1 for bentazon; 7.52 mg L?1 for penoxsulam + 145.66 mg L?1 of vegetable oil; 81.57 mg L?1 for vegetable oil; 0.10 mg L?1 for permethrin; 29.90 mg L?1 for carbofuran (active ingredients), and 38.79 times the dose used in the field for the mixture of these products. The environmental risk was determined only for permethrin, and care should be taken when using the vegetable oil. 相似文献
7.
Sá Roberson Davis Rodríguez-Pérez Adriana Patricia Rodrigues-Silva Fernando de Paula Vinicius de Carvalho Soares Prola Liziê Daniela Tentler de Freitas Adriane Martins de Carvalho Karina Querne de Liz Marcus Vinicius 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):24180-24190
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The photo-Fenton process was performed with four radiation settings to treat clinical analysis laboratory wastewater (CALWW) from a hospital, with the... 相似文献
8.
Gentaz Lucile Saheb Mandana Verney-Carron Aurélie Sessegolo Loryelle Chabas Anne Nuns Nicolas Remusat Laurent Gonzalez-Cano Adriana Fourdrin Chloé Mertz Jean-Didier 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(3):2810-2821
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - For a long time, limestone has been massively used in stone building and monuments because of its easy extraction and common presence in the... 相似文献
9.
Errazquin Diego Mohamadou Aminou Dupont Laurent De Gaetano Yannick García Cristina B. Lomba Laura Giner Beatriz 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(46):65374-65384
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This work studies the effects of different bromide-based ionic liquids, with phosphonium and ammonium cations, towards several environmental... 相似文献
10.
Simone Guadagnucci Morillo Adriana Luchs Audrey Cilli Cibele Daniel Ribeiro Rita de Cássia Compagnoli Carmona Maria do Carmo Sampaio Tavares Timenetsky 《Food and environmental virology》2017,9(2):142-148
Norovirus (NoV) is recognized as the most common cause of foodborne outbreaks. In 2014, an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis occurred on a cruise ship in Brazil, and NoV became the suspected etiology. Here we present the molecular identification of the NoV strains and the use of sequence analysis to determine modes of virus transmission. Food (cream cheese, tuna salad, grilled fish, orange mousse, and vegetables soup) and clinical samples were analyzed by ELISA, conventional RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, and sequencing. Genogroup GII NoV was identified by ELISA and conventional RT-PCR in fecal samples from 5 of 12 patients tested (41.7%), and in the orange mousse food sample by conventional RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. Two fecal GII NoV samples and the orange mousse GII NoV sample were successfully genotyped as GII.Pe (ORF 1), revealed 98.0–98.8% identities among them, and shared phylogenetically distinct cluster. Establishing the source of a NoV outbreak can be a challenging task. In this report, the molecular analysis of the partial RdRp NoV gene provided a powerful tool for genotyping (GII.Pe) and tracking of outbreak-related samples. In addition, the same fast and simple extraction methods applied to clinical samples could be successfully used for complex food matrices, and have the potential to be introduced in routine laboratories for screening foods for presence of NoV. 相似文献